A Commanding Officer's non-judicial punishment is governed by which article of the UCMJ?

A Commanding Officer's non-judicial punishment is governed by Article 15 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ). Article 15 provides the framework and authority for commanding officers to impose non-judicial punishment, often referred to as "captain's mast" or "article 15 proceedings." This disciplinary action is intended for minor offenses and is a means for commanders to address misconduct without resorting to court-martial, thus allowing for a more efficient and less formal resolution of minor disciplinary issues.

Under Article 15, a service member has the right to be informed of the charges, to present their case, and to appeal the decision if they choose. The punishment under this article can include restrictions, extra duties, and reduction in rank, among other penalties. It is designed to maintain good order and discipline while also providing an opportunity for correction without the severe consequences that accompany a court-martial.

The other articles mentioned do not pertain specifically to non-judicial punishment. For example, Article 87 addresses missing movement; Article 91 concerns insubordinate conduct; and Article 31 stipulates the rights of individuals during investigations, including the right against self-incrimination. Therefore, Article 15 is distinctly relevant